2023
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2023 (MMXXIII) was a common year starting on domingo of the Gregorian calendar, the 2023rd year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 23rd year of the 3rd millennium and the 21st century, and the 4th year of the 2020s decade.
The year so far has seen the continued waning of the COVID-19 pandemic (which the WHO ceased calling a global health emergency on May 5), the continuation of Russian invasion of Ukraine which began in 2022, and the outbreak of an armed conflict in Sudan beginning in April. The year also had multiple catastrophic natural disasters, including the fifth-deadliest earthquake of the 21st century striking Turkey and Syria, leaving nearly 60,000 people dead, as well as Cyclone Freddy, the longest-lasting recorded tropical cyclone in history, leading to over 1,400 deaths.
2023 additionally witnessed a banking crisis resulting in the collapse of numerous American regional banks as well as the buyout of Credit Suisse by UBS in Switzerland. Among American banks, the two largest banks which collapsed were Silicon Valley Bank and First Republic Bank, the third and second largest banking collapses in US history respectively.
In the realm of technology, 2023 has seen the continued rise of generative AI models, with applications across various industries reaching new heights. These models, leveraging advancements in machine learning and natural language processing, have become capable of creating realistic and coherent text, images, and music. An AI arms race between private companies has continued since the late 2010s, with Microsoft-backed OpenAI and Google-owner Alphabet today most dominant among firms.[1]
Events[editar | editar código]
January[editar | editar código]
- January 1 – Croatia adopts the euro and joins the Schengen Area, becoming the 20th member state of the Eurozone and the 27th member of the Schengen Area. This is the first enlargement of the Eurozone since Lithuania's entry in 2015, and the first enlargement of the Schengen Area since Liechtenstein's entry in 2011.[2][3]
- January 3 – Starting from this date, many countries impose travel restrictions on travel from China due to the relaxation of the country's zero-COVID policy.[4]
- January 5 – The funeral of Pope Benedict XVI is held at Saint Peter's Square within the Vatican City.[5]
- January 8
- COVID-19 pandemic: China reopens its borders to international visitors, marking the end of travel restrictions that began in March 2020.[6][7]
- Supporters of former Brazilian president Jair Bolsonaro storm the Brazilian National Congress, the Supreme Federal Court and the Presidential Palace of Planalto.[8][9]
- January 10–17 – A deadly cold snap in Afghanistan kills 166 people and nearly 80,000 livestock.[10]
- January 15 – Yeti Airlines Flight 691 crashes during final approach into Pokhara, Nepal, killing all 72 people on board.[11]
- January 17 – Nguyễn Xuân Phúc resigns as President of Vietnam amid several recent scandals in the government.[12]
- January 18 – 2023 Antiguan and Barbudan general election: The Labour Party receives a third victory in a row, winning 9/17 seats in the parliament.[13][14]
- January 20 – The Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago elects former senate president, minister and lawyer Christine Kangaloo as president of the country in a 48–22 vote.[15]
- January 25 – Chris Hipkins succeeds Jacinda Ardern as Prime Minister of New Zealand,[16] six days after she announced her resignation.[17]
- January 27 – Widespread unrest erupts in Israel following an Israeli military raid in Jenin which left nine Palestinians dead. Incendiary air balloons are launched into Israeli-populated areas following it. Israel responds with targeted airstrikes. Later the same day, seven Jewish civilians are murdered in a synagogue in Neve Yaakov in a terrorist attack.[18][19]
- January 27–28 – The second round of the 2023 Czech presidential election is held, with Petr Pavel declared winner.[20]
- January 30 – A Jamaat-ul-Ahrar suicide bombing inside a mosque in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, kills 84 people and injures over 220 others.[21][22][23]
February[editar | editar código]
- February 2 – The European Central Bank and Bank of England each raise their interest rates by 0.5 percentage points to combat inflation, one day after the US Federal Reserve raises its federal funds rate by 0.25 percentage points.[24]
- February 3
- The US announces it is tracking alleged Chinese spy balloons over the Americas, with one drifting from Yukon to South Carolina before being shot down the next day, and a second hovering over Colombia and Brazil. This event is followed by subsequent detections and shootdowns of high-altitude objects elsewhere.[25][26][27]
- A Norfolk Southern train carrying hazardous materials derails in East Palestine, Ohio. Multiple train cars burned for more than two days, followed by emergency crews conducting a controlled burn of several additional cars, releasing hydrogen chloride and phosgene into the atmosphere.[28][29]
- February 5
- The 2023 Cypriot presidential election is held, with Nikos Christodoulides elected president.[30][31]
- Cyclone Freddy forms in the Indian Ocean, going on to become the longest lasting, most powerful tropical cyclone in history and causing over 1400 deaths and countless injuries and property damage across the region.[32]
- February 6 – 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquake: A 7.8 Mww earthquake strikes Gaziantep Province in southeastern Turkey. A 7.5 Mww aftershock occurs on the same day in nearby Kahramanmaraş Province. Widespread damage and at least 59,000 deaths are caused in Turkey and Syria, with more than 121,000 injured.[33][34]
- February 13 – The 2023 Bangladeshi presidential election scheduled for 19 February is held, with Shahabuddin Chuppu of the Awami League, the only nominated candidate, elected unopposed.[35][36][37][38][39]
- February 20 – A magnitude 6.4 earthquake, an aftershock of the earlier February 6 earthquake, strikes southern Turkey and is also felt in Syria, Lebanon and Egypt.[40]
- February 21 – Vladimir Putin announces that Russia is suspending its participation in New START, a nuclear arms reduction treaty with the US.[41]
- February 25 – 2023 Nigerian general election: Bola Tinubu is elected as Nigeria's president, defeating former vice president Atiku Abubakar and Peter Obi.[42][43]
- February 27 – The United Kingdom and the European Union reach an agreement surrounding modifications to the Northern Ireland Protocol.[44]
- February 28 – A train crash in Thessaly, Greece, kills 57 people and injures dozens. The crash leads to nationwide protests and strikes against the condition of Greek railways and their mismanagement by the government.[45][46]
March[editar | editar código]
- March 2 – The National Assembly of Vietnam declares Võ Văn Thưởng as the country's new president after receiving 98.38% votes from the Vietnamese parliament.[47]
- March 4 – UN member states agree on a legal framework for the High Seas Treaty, which aims to protect 30% of the world's oceans by 2030.[48][49]
- March 5 – The 2023 Estonian parliamentary election is held, with two centre-right liberal parties gaining an absolute majority for the first time.[50]
- March 8 – Allied Democratic Forces jihadist insurgents use machetes to kill about 35 people in the village of Mukondi, North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo.[51][importance?]
- March 10
- 2023 People's Republic of China presidential election: The National People's Congress unanimously re-elects Xi Jinping as the President of the People's Republic of China to an unprecedented third term.[52]
- Iran and Saudi Arabia agree to resume diplomatic relations which were severed in 2016 at talks meditated by China.[53]
- Silicon Valley Bank, the 16th largest bank in the United States, fails, creating then the largest bank failure since the 2008 financial crisis, affecting companies around the world.[54][55]
- March 14 – OpenAI launches GPT-4, the next-generation large language model for artificial intelligence chatbot ChatGPT. The new model can respond to images and has the ability to process up to 25,000 words.[56]
- March 17 – The International Criminal Court issues an arrest warrant for Russian president Vladimir Putin, the first against a leader of a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council.[57][58]
- March 18 – A 6.8 earthquake strikes southern Ecuador killing 18 people, injuring nearly 500 and causing major damage.[59]
- March 19 – In a deal brokered by the Swiss government, investment bank UBS agrees to buy Credit Suisse for CHF 3 billion (US$3,2 billion) in an all-stock deal.[60][61][62]
- March 20 – The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) releases the synthesis report of its Sixth Assessment Report on climate change.[63]
- March 26 – 2023 Israeli judicial reform protests: Large-scale spontaneous protests erupt across Israel in the wake of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu firing his defence minister who spoke against the government's judicial overhaul plan.[64][65][66]
April[editar | editar código]
- April 2
- The 2023 Bulgarian parliamentary election is held in an attempt to end the political gridlock as a result of the 2021–2023 Bulgarian political crisis.[67]
- The 2023 Montenegrin presidential election is held, with Jakov Milatović of the Europe Now! movement winning in the second round, becoming the first president not from the DPS party since the introduction of a multi-party system in 1990.[68]
- The 2023 Finnish parliamentary election is held, with the centre-right National Coalition led by Petteri Orpo receiving the most votes.[69]
- The 2023 Andorran parliamentary election is held, with the ruling Democrats for Andorra led by Prime Minister Xavier Espot winning the majority of the seats.[70]
- 2023 Saint Petersburg bombing: Russian pro-government war correspondent Vladlen Tatarsky is killed by a bombing at a café in Saint Petersburg owned by oligarch Yevgeny Prigozhin. Sixteen others are injured.[71][importance?]
- April 4 – Finland becomes the 31st member of NATO, doubling the alliance's border with Russia.[72]
- April 5 – Clashes between Palestinians and the Israeli police happen at Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem.[73]
- April 10 – Two document leaks from the Pentagon detailing foreign military aid relating to the Russian invasion of Ukraine are leaked onto the Internet.[74]
- April 11 – Myanmar civil war: In the village of Pazigyi, at least 165 people are killed by the Myanmar Air Force during the opening celebrations of a People's Defence Force administration office.[75]
- April 14 – Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (JUICE) is launched by the European Space Agency (ESA) to search for life in the Jovian system, with an expected arrival date of 2031.[76]
- April 15
- Nuclear power in Germany ends after the closure of the final power plants and nuclear being a power source for the country for over 50 years.[77][78]
- Fighting breaks out across Sudan between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces. The RSF captures Khartoum International Airport, and the presidential palace in Khartoum.[79]
- April 19 – At least 90 people are killed and another 322 injured in a crowd crush during a Ramadan charity event in Sanaa, Yemen.[80][81]
- April 20 – SpaceX's Starship rocket, the largest and most powerful rocket ever built, is launched during a flight test from a base in Boca Chica, Texas. It explodes four minutes after launch. [82]
- April 25 – A mass cult suicide is uncovered in Shakahola forest, Kenya. 240 followers are found in shallow graves throughout the forest. Over 613 people remain missing.[83]
- April 30 – The 2023 Paraguayan general election is held, with the Colorado Party candidate Santiago Peña being the president-elect of Paraguay, winning in a landslide.[84]
May[editar | editar código]
- May 1 – 2023 banking crisis: San Francisco-based First Republic Bank fails and is auctioned off by the US FDIC to JPMorgan Chase for $10.7 billion. The collapse surpasses March's collapse of Silicon Valley Bank to become the second largest in US history.[85]
- May 4 – A series of floods and landslides strikes villages in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, resulting in over 400 deaths.[86]
- May 5 – The World Health Organization ends its declaration of COVID-19 being a global health emergency, but continues to refer to it as a pandemic.[87][88]
- May 6 – The coronation of Charles III and Camilla as King and Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms is held in Westminster Abbey, London.[89]
- May 7 – Syria is readmitted into the Arab League after being suspended since 2011.[90]
- May 9 – Cyclone Mocha forms in the Indian Ocean, killing over 400 people and injuring over 700 as it strikes Myanmar and Bangladesh.[91]
- May 9–13 – The Eurovision Song Contest 2023 is held in Liverpool, UK.[92] Swedish contestant Loreen wins with the song "Tattoo".[93]
- May 14
- The 2023 Thai general election is held, with pro-democratic parties such as the Move Forward and Pheu Thai parties gaining a majority of seats in the House of Representatives while pro-military parties such as Palang Pracharat lost seats.[94]
- 49th G7 summit takes place in Hiroshima, Japan. Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy arrives in Japan on the second day of the summit.[95]
- May 21 – The 2023 Greek legislative election is held; the ruling New Democracy wins a plurality of seats in the Hellenic Parliament, but incumbent prime minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis indicates his desire to not form a coalition with other parties and may call a snap election in an effort to secure a majority of seats.[96]
- May 28 – The second round of the 2023 Turkish presidential election is held; Recep Tayyip Erdoğan defeats Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu with 52.18% of the vote to win a third term as president.[97]
June[editar | editar código]
- June 2 – A train collision in Odisha, India results in at least 288 deaths and 1,000 others injured.[98]
Predicted and scheduled events[editar | editar código]
- June 25 – 2023 Guatemalan general election[99]
- July 23 – 2023 Spanish general election[100]
- August 23 – 2023 Zimbabwean general election[101]
- September 8 – October 28 – 2023 Rugby World Cup in France[102]
- October 22 – 2023 Argentine general election[103]
Date unknown[editar | editar código]
- 2023 Libyan parliamentary elections[104]
- 2023 Polish parliamentary election[105]
- The European Spallation Source is expected to go into operation in Lund, Sweden.[106]
- Türksat 6A, Turkey's first domestic and national satellite, is planned to be sent to space in cooperation with SpaceX.[107]
Deaths[editar | editar código]
References[editar | editar código]
- ↑ «The AI Arms Race Is On. Start Worrying». Time (en English). 16 de February de 2023. Consultado el 11 de May de 2023.
- ↑ «Croatia set to join the euro area on 1 January 2023: Council adopts final required legal acts». European Council/Council of the European Union. 12 de July de 2022. Archivado desde el original el 25 de July de 2022. Consultado el 16 de July de 2022. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ Buckley, Julia (2 de January de 2023). «This popular European country just got a new currency». CNN. Archivado desde el original el 3 de January de 2023. Consultado el 3 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «COVID restrictions ramp up as international travel from China resumes». euronews. 12 de January de 2023. Archivado desde el original el 16 de January de 2023. Consultado el 16 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Pope Francis to lead funeral for Benedict XVI, a first in modern history». France 24. 31 de December de 2022. Archivado desde el original el 31 de December de 2022. Consultado el 31 de December de 2022. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «China reopens borders as lunar new year travel kicks off amid Covid surge». The Guardian. 8 de January de 2023. Archivado desde el original el 8 de January de 2023. Consultado el 8 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Zero-Covid over, Chinese travellers swing into overseas holiday mode». South China Morning Post. 8 de January de 2023. Archivado desde el original el 8 de January de 2023. Consultado el 8 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ Gortázar, Naiara Galarraga (8 de January de 2023). «Bolsonaro supporters storm Brazil's Congress». EL PAÍS English Edition. Archivado desde el original el 8 de January de 2023. Consultado el 9 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Federal forces to intervene in Brasília after pro-coup riot». Agência Brasil. 10 de January de 2023. Archivado desde el original el 11 de January de 2023. Consultado el 11 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Afghanistan cold snap kills over 160, Taliban officials say – DW – 01/28/2023». dw.com. Archivado desde el original el 8 de February de 2023. Consultado el 30 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Nepal crash: Dozens killed as plane crashes near Pokhara airport». BBC News. 15 de January de 2023. Archivado desde el original el 20 de January de 2023. Consultado el 20 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Vietnam legislature approves president's resignation amid graft crackdown». Reuters. 18 de January de 2023. Archivado desde el original el 25 de January de 2023. Consultado el 25 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «January 18 for general election in Antigua and Barbuda». jamaica-gleaner.com. 19 de December de 2022. Consultado el 25 de February de 2023.
- ↑ «Voters head to the polls today to elect new government». 18 de January de 2023.
- ↑ Alexander, Gail. «Kangaloo is President-elect». Guardian.co.tt. Archivado desde el original el 21 de January de 2023. Consultado el 21 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ McClure, Tess (22 de January de 2023). «New Zealand: Chris Hipkins taking over from Jacinda Ardern on Wednesday». The Guardian. Archivado desde el original el 22 de January de 2023. Consultado el 22 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Jacinda Ardern resigns: Reactions from around the world». RNZ. 19 de January de 2023. Archivado desde el original el 25 de January de 2023. Consultado el 25 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Israel strikes in Gaza after fire balloons launched». BBC News. 15 de June de 2021. Archivado desde el original el 27 de January de 2023. Consultado el 27 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Jerusalem synagogue shooting: Israel arrests 42 after deadly attack». BBC News. 27 de January de 2023. Archivado desde el original el 27 de January de 2023. Consultado el 27 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Prezidentské volby 2023». ČT24 (en čeština). Česká televize. Archivado desde el original el 14 de January de 2023. Consultado el 29 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Blast at mosque in Pakistan's Peshawar kills at least 28». Aljazeera.com. Archivado desde el original el 30 de January de 2023. Consultado el 30 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «46 killed, over 100 injured in Taliban suicide attack at mosque in high-security zone in Pakistan's Peshawar». The Economic Times. Archivado desde el original el 30 de January de 2023. Consultado el 30 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Pakistan mosque blast: Police targeted in attack that kills 47». BBC News. 30 de January de 2023. Archivado desde el original el 30 de January de 2023. Consultado el 30 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ Dmitracova, Olesya (2 de February de 2023). «ECB and Bank of England fight inflation with sharp interest rate hikes». CNN Business. Archivado desde el original el 3 de February de 2023. Consultado el 3 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «China condemns US military strike on suspected spy balloon». Aljazeera.com. Archivado desde el original el 5 de February de 2023. Consultado el 5 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ Tangalakis-Lippert, Katherine. «A second 'Chinese surveillance balloon' has been spotted over Latin America, according to Pentagon officials». Business Insider. Archivado desde el original el 5 de February de 2023. Consultado el 5 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ Stewart, Phil; Shalal, Andrea; Stewart, Phil (13 de February de 2023). «U.S. military brings down flying object over Lake Huron». Reuters. Archivado desde el original el 13 de February de 2023. Consultado el 13 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Ohio catastrophe is 'wake-up call' to dangers of deadly train derailments». The Guardian. 11 de February de 2023. Archivado desde el original el 13 de February de 2023. Consultado el 13 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ Orsagos, Patrick; Seewer, John (6 de February de 2023). «Crews release toxic chemicals from derailed tankers in Ohio». Associated Press. Archivado desde el original el 7 de February de 2023. Consultado el 14 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Disy leader to seek party nomination for presidency». Cyprus Mail. 22 de December de 2021. Archivado desde el original el 22 de December de 2021. Consultado el 31 de January de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ Kambas, Michele (12 de February de 2023). «Former Cyprus foreign minister wins presidential election». Reuters. Archivado desde el original el 12 de February de 2023. Consultado el 12 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ Cappucci, Matthew (7 de March de 2023). «Deadly cyclone Freddy has become Earth's longest-lived tropical storm». The Washington Post. Archivado desde el original el 7 de March de 2023. Consultado el 7 de March de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Earthquake Kills More Than 110 People in Turkey, Syria». Bloomberg.com. 6 de February de 2023. Archivado desde el original el 6 de February de 2023. Consultado el 6 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Powerful quake kills at least 360 people in Turkey, Syria». AP NEWS. 6 de February de 2023. Archivado desde el original el 6 de February de 2023. Consultado el 6 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Bangladesh to elect new president on Feb 19». Archivado desde el original el 2 de February de 2023. Consultado el 2 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «সংবাদ বিজ্ঞপ্তি». www.ecs.gov.bd (en বাংলা). Bangladesh Election Commission. Archivado desde el original el 17 de February de 2023. Consultado el 13 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ Staff Correspondent (13 de February de 2023). «Mohammad Shahabuddin elected 22nd president of Bangladesh». Prothomalo. Archivado desde el original el 14 de February de 2023. Consultado el 13 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Shahabuddin declared president-elect of Bangladesh». 13 de February de 2023. Archivado desde el original el 13 de February de 2023. Consultado el 13 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Mohammad Shahbuddin to be elected president uncontested». 12 de February de 2023. Archivado desde el original el 13 de February de 2023. Consultado el 13 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «New Turkey earthquake leaves people trapped under rubble in Hatay». BBC News. 20 de February de 2023. Consultado el 20 de February de 2023.
- ↑ «Putin suspends key US nuclear arms deal in bitter speech against West». BBC News. 21 de February de 2023. Consultado el 21 de February de 2023.
- ↑ «JUST IN: INEC Sets New Dates for 2023 General Elections». 26 de February de 2022. Archivado desde el original el 13 de January de 2023. Consultado el 16 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «BREAKING: INEC declares Tinubu winner of presidential election». Punch Newspapers. 1 de March de 2023. Consultado el 1 de March de 2023.
- ↑ «Windsor Framework: What role will EU rules continue to play in Northern Ireland?».
- ↑ «Dozens killed after two trains collide in Greece». BBC News. 1 de March de 2023. Archivado desde el original el 1 de March de 2023. Consultado el 1 de March de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Demonstrators, police clash at Greece train crash protest». www.aljazeera.com.
- ↑ Vu, Khanh; Guarascio, Francesco (2 de March de 2023). «Vietnam parliament elects Vo Van Thuong as new state president». Reuters. Consultado el 5 de March de 2023.
- ↑ «Ocean treaty: Historic agreement reached after decade of talks». BBC News. 5 de March de 2023. Consultado el 5 de March de 2023.
- ↑ «High seas treaty: historic deal to protect international waters finally reached at UN». The Guardian. 5 de March de 2023. Consultado el 5 de March de 2023.
- ↑ «IFES Election Guide | Elections: Estonia Parliament 2023». Archivado desde el original el 15 de February de 2023. Consultado el 16 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Islamist militants kill at least 35 in east Congo village, army says». Reuters. 10 de March de 2023. Consultado el 11 de May de 2023.
- ↑ «Xi Jinping handed unprecedented third term as China's president». The Guardian. 10 de March de 2023.
- ↑ Wintour, Patrick (10 de March de 2023). «Iran and Saudi Arabia agree to restore ties after China-brokered talks». The Guardian.
- ↑ Russell, Karl; Zhang, Christine (11 de March de 2023). «The Second-Biggest Bank Failure». The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Consultado el 12 de March de 2023.
- ↑ Aby Jose, Koilparambil (14 de March de 2023). «Factbox: Which companies are affected by SVB collapse?». Reuters. Consultado el 14 de March de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «OpenAI announces ChatGPT successor GPT-4». BBC. 14 de March de 2023. Consultado el 11 de May de 2023.
- ↑ «Putin arrest warrant: Biden welcomes ICC's war crimes charges». BBC News. 18 de March de 2023. Consultado el 18 de March de 2023.
- ↑ «Russia-Ukraine war live: Biden welcomes Putin arrest warrant as UK says Moscow likely to expand conscription». The Guardian. 18 de March de 2023. Consultado el 18 de March de 2023.
- ↑ National Earthquake Information Center (18 de March de 2023). «M 6.8 – 10 km NNW of Baláo, Ecuador». United States Geological Survey. Consultado el 28 de May de 2023.
- ↑ Capoot, Ashley (19 de March de 2023). «UBS buys Credit Suisse for $3.2 billion as regulators look to shore up the global banking system». CNBC. Archivado desde el original el 19 de March de 2023. Consultado el 19 de March de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ Halftermeyer, Marion; Bazelou, Myriam (19 de March de 2023). «UBS Agrees to Buy Credit Suisse in Historic Deal to End Crisis». Bloomberg News. Archivado desde el original el 19 de March de 2023. Consultado el 19 de March de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ Massoudi, Arash; Morris, Stephen; Fontanella-Khan, James; Noonan, Laura; Walker, Owen (19 de March de 2023). «UBS agrees to buy Credit Suisse for more than $2bn». Financial Times. Archivado desde el original el 19 de March de 2023. Consultado el 19 de March de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «AR6 Synthesis Report: Climate Change 2023». ipcc.ch. Consultado el 25 de March de 2023.
- ↑ «Netanyahu fires defense minister Gallant for calling to stop judicial overhaul». 26 de March de 2023.
- ↑ «Israel: mass protests after sacking of minister who opposed judicial overhaul». 26 de March de 2023.
- ↑ «Thousands of Israelis march on Benjamin Netanyahu's residence as tensions reach boiling point». 26 de March de 2023.
- ↑ «Ex-PM Borissov's GERB nudges ahead in Bulgarian election, partial results show». Reuters. 4 de April de 2023. Consultado el 4 de April de 2023.
- ↑ Jakov Milatović ubjedljivo pobijedio: Dobio 60,1 odsto glasova, Đukanović 39,9 %, RTCG, 2 April 2023
- ↑ Karkkola, Minna (2 de April de 2023). «Näin Petteri Orpo laittaa hallitusneuvottelut käyntiin – Lähteekö viestejä SDP:lle tai PS:lle?». Uusi Suomi (en suomi). Archivado desde el original el 3 de April de 2023. Consultado el 3 de April de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «IFES Election Guide | Elections: Andorra General Council 2022». Archivado desde el original el 25 de December de 2022. Consultado el 16 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «В Петербурге при взрыве в кафе погиб военкор Владлен Татарский». TACC. Consultado el 11 de April de 2023.
- ↑ «Nato's border with Russia doubles as Finland joins». BBC News. 4 de April de 2023. Consultado el 4 de April de 2023.
- ↑ «Israeli forces attack Palestinians in Al-Aqsa for second time». www.aljazeera.com (en English). Consultado el 10 de May de 2023.
- ↑ «What the leaked Pentagon documents reveal - 8 key takeaways». BBC News (en British English). 11 de April de 2023. Consultado el 1 de May de 2023.
- ↑ «Myanmar's junta kills over 100 including women, children in a deadly airstrike on village: Report». India TV News (en English). 12 de April de 2023.
- ↑ «Space mission to Jupiter's moons blasts off». BBC News. 14 de April de 2023. Consultado el 14 de April de 2023.
- ↑ Handelsblatt.com: „Atomkraft konnte die Versprechungen nie einlösen“ – Deutschland beendet das Kernkraft-Zeitalter (german), April 2023
- ↑ Tagesschau.de: Nukleare Risiken bleiben (german), April 2023
- ↑ Fulton, Adam; Holmes, Oliver (25 de April de 2023). «Sudan conflict: why is there fighting and what is at stake in the region?». The Guardian (en British English). ISSN 0261-3077. Archivado desde el original el 3 de May de 2023. Consultado el 26 de April de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Stampede in Yemen at Ramadan charity event kills at least 78». AP NEWS. 20 de April de 2023. Consultado el 20 de April de 2023.
- ↑ «'People sacrificed their lives for just 10 dollars': At least 78 killed in Yemen crowd surge». CNN. 20 de April de 2023. Consultado el 20 de April de 2023.
- ↑ «Musk's SpaceX big rocket explodes on test flight». BBC News (en British English). 20 de April de 2023. Consultado el 20 de April de 2023.
- ↑ «Kenya starvation cult death toll hits 90 as morgues fill up: 'Nothing prepares you for shallow mass graves of children'». CBS News (en English). 25 de April de 2023.
- ↑ «Elecciones en Paraguay: el oficialista Santiago Peña gana al opositor Efraín Alegre con una amplia ventaja y será el nuevo presidente». BBC Mundo. 30 de April de 2023.
- ↑ Brooks, Khristopher J.; Dakss, Brian (May 2023). «Troubled First Republic Bank seized and sold to JPMorgan Chase». www.cbsnews.com. Consultado el 2 de May de 2023.
- ↑ «DR Congo floods death toll surpasses 400». Al Jazeera. 7 de May de 2023. Consultado el 8 de May de 2023.
- ↑ «WHO says Covid-19 is no longer a global health emergency». CNN. 5 de May de 2023. Consultado el 5 de May de 2023.
- ↑ «Statement on the fifteenth meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) Emergency Committee regarding the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic». WHO. 5 de May de 2023. Consultado el 5 de May de 2023.
- ↑ «Coronation on 6 May for King Charles and Camilla, Queen Consort». BBC News. Archivado desde el original el 11 de October de 2022. Consultado el 10 de October de 2022. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Arab League readmits Syria after 11-year absence». CNN (en English). 7 de May de 2023. Consultado el 7 de May de 2023.
- ↑ «Cyclone Mocha: Myanmar government claims 435 dead, appeals for international aid». 17 de May de 2023.
- ↑ «Liverpool will host Eurovision 2023». Eurovision.tv. European Broadcasting Union (EBU). 7 de October de 2022. Consultado el 7 de October de 2022.
- ↑ «Sweden's Loreen has won Eurovision 2023!». The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com (en en-US). Consultado el 13 de May de 2023.
- ↑ Ratcliffe, Rebecca; correspondent, south-east Asia (14 de May de 2023). «Thailand election 2023: opposition delivers crushing blow to military rule». The Guardian (en British English). ISSN 0261-3077. Consultado el 15 de May de 2023.
- ↑ «Ukraine's President Zelenskyy attends the G7 summit in Japan». www.aljazeera.com (en English). Consultado el 20 de May de 2023.
- ↑ «Greek election: Centre-right Mitsotakis hails big win but wants majority». BBC News (en British English). 21 de May de 2023. Consultado el 21 de May de 2023.
- ↑ Qiblawi, Gul Tuysuz,Yusuf Gezer,Tamara (28 de May de 2023). «Erdogan wins Turkish election, extending rule to third decade». CNN (en English). Consultado el 30 de May de 2023.
- ↑ Abinaya V; Jatindra Dash (2 de June de 2023). «At least 207 dead, 900 injured in massive train crash in Odisha, India». Reuters. Consultado el 2 de June de 2023.
- ↑ «Qué responde Roberto Arzú del partido Podemos a la propuesta de alianza “salvadora” que lanzó Manuel Villacorta, de Vos» (en spanish). Prensa Libre. 18 de May de 2023.
- ↑ Cué, Carlos E. (29 de May de 2023). «Pedro Sánchez adelanta las elecciones generales al 23 de julio ante el fiasco de las autonómicas» [Pedro Sánchez advances general elections to 23 July after the fiasco of the autonomous community elections]. El País. Consultado el 29 de May de 2023.
- ↑ «Zimbabwean President Sets Presidential Elections for Aug. 23». Bloomberg.com. 31 de May de 2023. Consultado el 3 de June de 2023.
- ↑ «Australia up to host mini rugby World Cup». ESPN. 15 de January de 2021. Archivado desde el original el 29 de January de 2021. Consultado el 21 de January de 2020. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Meet the Candidates: Argentina». Archivado desde el original el 10 de February de 2023. Consultado el 16 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Libyan government ready to hold elections in 2023: PM - Daily News Egypt». 4 de January de 2023. Archivado desde el original el 5 de January de 2023. Consultado el 16 de February de 2023. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Znamy cztery daty, kiedy wybory 2023 mogą się odbyć. "Decyzję podejmie prezydent"».
- ↑ «Home Page». European Spallation Source. 11 de August de 2015. Archivado desde el original el 9 de April de 2019. Consultado el 26 de December de 2019. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda) - ↑ «Türksat 6A». Archivado desde el original el 15 de January de 2023. Consultado el 2 de October de 2021. Parámetro desconocido
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ignorado (ayuda)
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